Accounting Profession Ethics Quiz Results

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The document is a revision quiz for an accounting course, where the user scored 17 out of 20 (85%). It includes multiple-choice questions on professional attributes, ethical responsibilities, and regulatory frameworks in accounting, with explanations for correct and incorrect answers. The quiz emphasizes the importance of ethics, professional judgment, and the responsibilities of accountants in various scenarios.

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8/27/24, 9:03 PM EG – Revision Quiz 1 - KnowledgEquity

EG – Revision Quiz 1

YOU SCORED 17 OUT OF A POSSIBLE 20 [85%]

Question 1 Marks: 1
Which one of the following is an attribute that traditionally distinguishes the accounting profession from a non-professional
occupation?

Answer Options
You answered B. The correct answer is B
USER SELECTION CORRECT ANSWER

A Community prestige.

B Pursuit of excellence.

C Membership exclusivity.

D Enlightened self-interest.

Answer Explanation

B is correct because the pursuit of excellence is part of the attribute of service to the community—being one of the traditional
attributes of the accounting profession—whereby an accountant accepts responsibility to maintain and update their knowledge and
skills, and apply them in the best interests of society.

A and C are incorrect because these attributes are part of the market control view of the accounting profession rather than the
traditional view.

D is incorrect because where enlightened self-interest conflicts with the public interest, the public interest (i.e. the ideal of service to
the community—being one of the traditional attributes of the accounting profession) prevails.

Module: 1 > Part: A > 1.8 Attributes of a profession > Page: 13-19

Question 2 Marks: 1
Which one of the following is part of the application of professional judgment by an accountant?

Answer Options

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You answered A. The correct answer is A

USER SELECTION CORRECT ANSWER

A Incorporation of ethical values into decision-making.

B Application of technical skills to structured problems.

C Choosing an outcome that best meets the needs of clients.

D Acquisition of knowledge through a formal educative process.

Answer Explanation

A is correct because the application of professional judgment includes the expectation that accountants can judge values and make
judgments regarding values when they make decisions.

B is incorrect because the application of professional judgment involves the ability to solve unstructured problems (rather than
structured problems).

C is incorrect because the application of professional judgment requires the accountant to choose the outcome that best meets the
needs of society (pursuant to the profession’s service ideal) rather than best meets the needs of clients.

D is incorrect because while the acquisition of knowledge through a formal educative process is important, the application of
professional judgment goes beyond mere acquisition of knowledge (i.e. professional judgment refers to the ability to apply
accumulated knowledge and experience gained through accounting training).

Module: 1 > Part: A > 1.8 Attributes of a profession > Page: 13-19

Question 3 Marks: 1
Which of the following sets of attributes is included in the traditional concept of a profession?

Answer Options
You answered B. The correct answer is B
USER SELECTION CORRECT ANSWER

A A code of ethics for its members, the existence of a governing body, and a lack of autonomy.

B A code of ethics for its members, the existence of a governing body, and a systematic body of theory and knowledge.

The existence of a governing body, a systematic body of theory and knowledge, and distinct government regulation over
C
the governing body.

A code of ethics for its members, a systematic body of theory and knowledge, and distinct government regulation over
D
the governing body.

Answer Explanation

B is correct because these are three of the attributes of the traditional concept of a profession:

• members establish a code of ethics

• members of the profession organise as a group and establish their own means of self-regulation

• members of the profession work together to define the knowledge and skills related to the profession.

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A is incorrect because the governing body does have autonomy in the traditional concept of a profession.

C and D are incorrect because in the traditional concept of a profession, the body is governed by the members rather than by the
government.

Module: 1 > Part: A > 1.4 What is a profession? > Page: 9-10

Question 4 Marks: 1
Which one of the following forms part of the co-regulatory model for the accounting profession in Australia?

Answer Options
You answered C. The correct answer is C
USER SELECTION CORRECT ANSWER

A Education requirements are set by government.

B Membership requirements are set by government.

C Accounting and auditing rules are set by government bodies.

D Ethical rules are set by government and enforced by the profession.

Answer Explanation

C is correct because under the co-regulatory model for the accounting profession in Australia, accounting and auditing standards are
set by government bodies [e.g. the Australian Accounting Standards Board (AASB) sets Australian Accounting Standards].

A, C and D are incorrect because under the co-regulatory model for the accounting profession in Australia, education requirements,
membership requirements and ethical requirements are set and enforced by the accounting profession rather than by government.

Module: 1 > Part: A > 1.9 The profession’s regulatory process > Page: 19-24

Question 5 Marks: 1
Which one of the following activities represents work performed by an accountant in public practice?

Answer Options
You answered A. The correct answer is A
USER SELECTION CORRECT ANSWER

A Evaluating the internal controls of a business.

B Formulating the financial direction of a business.

C Ensuring a business generates sufficient cash flows.

D Ensuring the board of a business is functioning efficiently.

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Answer Explanation

A is correct because an accountant in public practice can (for example, as part of financial management or internal audit services) be
involved in evaluating the adequacy of the internal controls of a business.

B is incorrect because formulating the financial direction of a business is a private practice role of the finance director or chief
financial officer of a business.

C is incorrect because ensuring a business has sufficient cash flows is a private practice role of a treasury accountant or, where one
exists, a finance director or chief financial officer.

D is incorrect because ensuring the efficient functioning of the board of directors is a private practice role of a company secretary.

Module: 1 > Part: B > 1.10 Accounting roles, activities and relationships > Page: 28-32

Question 6 Marks: 1
Mary is a CPA whose current work assignment is to analyse, for a possible court case, the financial records of a company whose
cash flow does not seem to match its revenue growth.

Which type of public practice role Best describes Mary’s field of study?

Answer Options
You answered A. The correct answer is A
USER SELECTION CORRECT ANSWER

A Forensic accounting.

B Assurance and audit.

C Internal audit services.

D Financial management.

Answer Explanation

A is correct because the forensic accounting public practice role typically involves analysing financial information to support legal
proceedings, such as cases involving fraud.

B is incorrect because the assurance and audit public practice role typically involves review and attestation of a company’s financial
statements. Although this role does sometimes include information security, it does not include fraud investigation.

C is incorrect because the internal audit services public practice role primarily involves risk management.

D is incorrect because the financial management public practice role includes financial controls and corporate governance.

Module: 1 > Part: B > 1.10 Accounting roles, activities and relationships > Page: 28-32

Question 7 Marks: 1
Which one of the following Best explains professional ethics?

Answer Options

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You answered C. The correct answer is C


USER SELECTION CORRECT ANSWER

A The moral principles that guide how a business behaves.

B The customs and shared attitudes of members of a profession.

C The principles by which professionals should serve the public interest.

D The obligation of professionals to obey the laws applicable to a situation.

Answer Explanation

C is correct because the overriding ethical responsibility of a member of a profession is to serve the best interests of the public.

A is incorrect because this relates to business ethics rather than professional ethics.

B is incorrect because it focuses inwardly on the customs and attitudes of members of the profession rather than standards of
behaviour expected from society in general.

D is incorrect because following laws does not necessarily mean a person has behaved ethically.

Module: 2 > Part: A > 2.4 The accounting work environment > Page: 48

Question 8 Marks: 1
Which one of the following is an ethical responsibility of a professional accountant?

Answer Options
You answered A. The correct answer is A
USER SELECTION CORRECT ANSWER

A Professional scepticism.

B Direct investigation of all discrepancies.

C Decisions that respect the organisational culture.

D The application of relevant experience to fulfil all client requests.

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Answer Explanation

A is correct because a professional accountant must make sure any observed discrepancies are appropriately investigated and
resolved.

B is incorrect because accountants are responsible for making sure that investigations of discrepancies are conducted, not that they
must conduct these investigations themselves.

C is incorrect because allowing an organisation’s culture to influence decisions can result in unethical outcomes.

D is incorrect because the accountant’s ethical responsibility is to the public, not to a specific client.

Module: 2 > Part: A > 2.1 Impact of ethical or unethical decisions > Page: 48-49

Question 9 Marks: 1
While reviewing a client’s accounting records, Sally Strong CPA has found entertainment expenses were classified as staff training
expenses.

Sally has explained to the client that she will correct the classification because, personally and professionally, she can only act with
integrity.

Which of the following ethical theories has Sally applied to justify her decision?

Answer Options
You answered A. The correct answer is A
USER SELECTION CORRECT ANSWER

A Virtue ethics.

B Egoism.

C Utilitarianism.

D Ethics of rights.

Answer Explanation

A is correct because virtue ethics relates to traits of character that cause a person to act with integrity.

B is incorrect because egoism relates to acting in one’s self-interest. Sally may have chosen to accept the paying client’s
misclassification in order to maintain a profitable commercial relationship with them.

C is incorrect because utilitarianism relates to acting out of a (greater) benefit calculation and not out of upholding personal behaviour
values.

D is incorrect because ethics of rights relates to one’s right to act in a certain way or receive certain benefits, not to upholding
personal behaviour values.

Module: 2 > Part: B > 2.4 Normative theories > Page: 57-58

Question 10 Marks: 1

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Rebecca Wong is a partner in a public practice. Rebecca receives a box of chocolates from a client as an expression of appreciation
for excellent service she provided to the client during the past year.

Under APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants, which one of the following is correct?

Answer Options
You answered D. The correct answer is D
USER SELECTION CORRECT ANSWER

A Rebecca should refuse the gift as the self-interest threat is unacceptable.

B Rebecca should refuse the gift as it will create a familiarity threat.

C Rebecca can accept the gift provided she declares this gift to her fellow partner.

D Rebecca can accept the gift as its nature and intent are not likely to result in a significant threat.

Answer Explanation

D is correct because the nature of the gift (including its trivial value) and the intent behind the gift (expression of appreciation for
excellent service) is not likely to result in a reasonable and well-informed person concluding that there is a significant threat to the
fundamental principles in APES 110.

A is incorrect because, as outlined in Option D, there are no significant threats to the fundamental principles in APES 110.

B is incorrect because the value of the gift is trivial and inconsequential and therefore not likely to result in a familiarity threat.

C is incorrect because, as outlined in Option D, there are no significant threats to the fundamental principles in APES 110. Although
Rebecca can declare this gift to her fellow partner, this is not required by APES 110.

Module: 2 > Part: C > 2.9 The APESB Code of Ethics (APES 110) > Page: 69-102

Question 11 Marks: 1
A junior accountant of a manufacturing company suspects their employer has been illegally dumping significant amounts of waste.

Under the ‘Responding to Non-Compliance with Laws and Regulations’ (NOCLAR) requirements, what should the junior accountant
do?

Answer Options
You answered B. The correct answer is B
USER SELECTION CORRECT ANSWER

A Report the suspected non-compliance to the auditor.

B Report the suspected non-compliance to their immediate superior.

C No action is required because it is only a suspected non-compliance.

D No action is required because the non-compliance is only an environmental issue.

Answer Explanation

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B is correct because the junior accountant, being a member in business who is not in a senior position, is required to inform their
immediate superior about the suspected non-compliance.

A is incorrect because the determination of whether the suspected non-compliance needs to be communicated with the external
auditor is a responsibility of a senior member in business rather than the junior accountant.

C is incorrect because NOCLAR deals with how accountants must respond when they become aware of non- compliance, so the
junior accountant cannot ignore the matter, particularly as it relates to dumping significant amounts of waste.

D is incorrect because NOCLAR would cover environmental protection laws, being a matter fundamental to the company’s operations,
or the breach thereof could result in material penalties.

Module: 2 > Part: C > 2.9 The APESB Code of Ethics (APES 110) > Page: 81

Question 12 Marks: 1
Sarah works for a large corporation. She discovers that her department released a report that contained false financial information.
She reports the fraud as required by her corporation’s guidelines and applicable legal standards.

Which of the following principles of the Accounting and Professional and Ethical Standards Board (APESB) Code of Ethics does
Sarah’s action demonstrate?

Answer Options
You answered B. The correct answer is B
USER SELECTION CORRECT ANSWER

A Maintaining loyalty.

B Acting with integrity.

C Maintaining confidentiality.

D Acting with good intentions.

Answer Explanation

B is correct because integrity is the applicable principle of the APESB Code of Ethics in this situation.

A is incorrect because loyalty to employers and clients is not a fundamental principle of the APESB Code of Ethics and, when placed
above the public interest, puts the accountant at risk of compromising his or her integrity.

C is incorrect because this instance is not an example of the principle of maintaining confidentiality.

D is incorrect because acting with good intentions is not a principle of the APESB Code of Ethics and does not assure compliance
with the Code.

Module: 2 > Part: C > 2.9 The APESB Code of Ethics (APES 110) > Page: 69-102

Question 13 Marks: 1
While auditing a listed company, Brigid uncovers large cash payments. Brigid suspects these payments are bribes paid to suppliers in
order to secure contracts.

The chief financial officer proposes to significantly increase the audit fee if Brigid agrees to overlook the cash payments.

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Using the American Accounting Association (AAA) model, what should Brigid consider when making her decision?

Answer Options
You answered A. The correct answer is A
USER SELECTION CORRECT ANSWER

A The impacts on stakeholders affected by the auditor’s decision.

B The potential negative impact on the company’s suppliers.

C The potential short-term reduction in the company’s share price.

D The audit fee foregone if Brigid does not agree to overlook the payments.

Answer Explanation

A is correct because under the AAA model, all stakeholders affected by a decision should be identified and the (negative and positive)
impacts on them arising from each possible course of action determined.

B, C and D are incorrect because they only identify the negative impact on one stakeholder—the company’s suppliers (B), the
company (C) and Brigid (D)—rather than the positive and negative impacts on all stakeholders.

Module: 2 > Part: D > 2.12 Ethical decision-making models > Page: 113

Question 14 Marks: 0
Gerry works as an accountant for the Yellow Building Corporation (YBC).

He discovers that a member of the board of directors has an undisclosed financial interest in a company that is currently tendering for
a large contract with YBC. Gerry determines that this conflict of interest may be an ethics violation.

According to the American Accounting Association (AAA) model for ethical decision-making, which one of the following should Gerry
next identify to help him make an ethical decision about this situation?

Answer Options
You answered A. The correct answer is D
USER SELECTION CORRECT ANSWER

A Determine whether shareholders will be negatively impacted by the board member’s financial interest.

B Determine the amount of financial interest the board member has in the company to see whether it is material.

C Decide whether to discuss the matter privately with the board member or bring it to the attention of YBC’s CEO.

D Obtain information on whether the board member’s interest violates rules or would typically be seen as unacceptable.

Answer Explanation

D is correct because according to the AAA model, Gerry has already established the facts and the ethical issues. He must now
identify the norms, principles, and values related to the situation.

A is incorrect because it involves weighing courses of action from both short-term and long-term perspectives. In the AAA model, this
corresponds to the sixth step.

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B is incorrect because this would be a fact-finding activity, which is part of the first step in the AAA model.

C is incorrect because this would fall into the category of considering possible courses of action, which corresponds to the fourth
step in the AAA model.

Module: 2 > Part: D > 2.12 Ethical decision-making models > Page: 113-117

Question 15 Marks: 0
Which one of the following is an attribute that represents the accounting profession under the market control view?

Answer Options
You answered C. The correct answer is D
USER SELECTION CORRECT ANSWER

A Service ideal.

B The well-being of society.

C Enlightened self-interest.

D Membership exclusivity.

Answer Explanation

D is correct because this attribute is part of the market control view of the accounting profession rather than the traditional view.

A is incorrect because the service ideal means the attribute of the accountants’ duty to serve the public interest in carrying out their
role. This is a traditional attribute of the accounting profession.

B is incorrect because the well-being of society is part of the attribute of service to the community—being one of the traditional
attributes of the accounting profession—whereby an accountant contributes to the well-being of society by preparing and attesting
information that ensures the efficient and orderly functioning of business, not-for-profit and government enterprises.

C is incorrect because where enlightened self-interest conflicts with the public interest, the public interest (i.e. the ideal of service to
the community—being one of the traditional attributes of the accounting profession) prevails.

Module: 1 > Part: A > 1.8 Attributes of a profession

Question 16 Marks: 0
Under the co-regulatory model for the accounting profession in Australia, which one of the following requirements is set by the
accounting profession?

Answer Options
You answered D. The correct answer is A
USER SELECTION CORRECT ANSWER

A Education requirements.

B Auditing rules.

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C Accounting rules.

D Auditing and accounting rules.

Answer Explanation

A is correct because under the co-regulatory model for the accounting profession in Australia, education requirements are set by the
accounting profession rather than by government.

B, C and D are incorrect because under the co-regulatory model for the accounting profession in Australia, accounting and auditing
standards are set by government bodies [e.g. the Australian Accounting Standards Board (AASB) sets Australian accounting
standards].

Module: 1 > Part: A > 1.9 The profession’s regulatory process > Page: 19-24

Question 17 Marks: 1
Which one of the following activities is Most closely linked to work performed by an accountant employed in the private sector?

Answer Options
You answered C. The correct answer is C
USER SELECTION CORRECT ANSWER

A Forensic accounting services.

B Evaluating the internal controls of a business.

C Ensuring a business generates sufficient cash flows.

D Examination and attestation of financial statements.

Answer Explanation

C is correct because ensuring a business has sufficient cash flows is a private practice role of a treasury accountant or, where one
exists, a finance director or chief financial officer.

A is incorrect because forensic accounting services are carried out by public practitioners engaged for legal issues including fraud,
disputes or litigation.

B is incorrect because an accountant in public practice can—for example, as part of financial management or internal audit services—
be involved in evaluating the adequacy of the internal controls of a business.

D is incorrect because examination and attestation of financial statements is an assurance service carried out by an accountant in
public practice.

Module: 1 > Part: B > 1.10 Accounting roles, activities and relationships > Page: 28-32

Question 18 Marks: 1
Which one of the following describes a behaviour that is acceptable in some cultures but that conflicts with the ethical guidelines
established for the accounting profession?

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Answer Options
You answered D. The correct answer is D
USER SELECTION CORRECT ANSWER

A An accountant reports the inappropriate conduct of another accountant who holds a higher social status.

B To comply with local legal requirements, an accountant discloses confidential information about a client.

C To comply with a quality review by a professional body, an accountant discloses confidential information about a client.

An accountant ensures the prompt review of documents for a client by offering a personal payment to a government
D
official

Answer Explanation

D is correct because, although acceptable in some cultures, paying an official to expedite a service is bribery. The Code of Ethics for
accounting professionals prohibits accountants from being involved in bribes.

A is incorrect. While reporting unethical conduct about a person in a higher social status may be unacceptable in some cultures, this
would be the correct and ethical action for an accountant to take.

B is incorrect because when disclosure is required by law, then it is permitted by the Code of Ethics for the accounting profession.

C is incorrect because disclosure is allowed by the Code of Ethics when there is a professional duty or right to disclose, and when the
disclosure is not prohibited by law.

Module: 1 > Part: A > 1.8 Attributes of a profession > Page: 15

Question 19 Marks: 1
Which one of the following is the Best example of creative accounting?

Answer Options
You answered B. The correct answer is B
USER SELECTION CORRECT ANSWER

A An auditor’s situation is such that he or she will benefit from a company’s favourable financial position.

B An auditor uses optional accounting rules to make a company’s financial position look more favourable.

An auditor unintentionally omits several items when preparing a financial statement, which results in the company’s
C
financial position appearing more favourable.

An auditor uses standard accounting practices in an objective manner, which shows that a company’s current financial
D
position is more favourable than it was for the previous year.

Answer Explanation

B is correct because creative accounting refers to the deliberate use of practices that provide a misleading and potentially inaccurate
view of an organisation’s accounts.

A is incorrect because although there is no indication that the auditor has provided inaccurate information, the evident lack of auditor
independence increases the risk of inaccurate recording.

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C is incorrect because the auditor did not intentionally record the inaccuracy. Creative accounting involves intentionally using
practices to provide a favourable view.

D is incorrect because the auditor has acted in an objective manner and used accepted practices, so it can be assumed that the
company’s apparent improvement is accurate and valid.

Module: 1 > Part: B > 1.12 Credibility of the profession > Page: 37-40

Question 20 Marks: 1
Which one of the following is a soft skill?

Answer Options
You answered D. The correct answer is D
USER SELECTION CORRECT ANSWER

A The ability to use accounting software,

B The ability to undertake financial analysis,

C The ability to interpret accounting standards,

D The ability to comprehend complex information,

Answer Explanation

D is correct because the ability to understand complex issues requires cognitive ability (which is a soft skill), rather than actual
knowledge relating to a particular situation.

A is incorrect because the ability to use accounting software is a technical skill requiring knowledge, training and experience in using
the particular features of the software rather than more general cognitive skills.

B and C are incorrect because these are technical skills requiring knowledge of financial analysis techniques (B) and accounting
concepts and rules (C) rather than more general cognitive skills.

Module: 1 > Part: B > 1.13 Capability considerations > Page: 37-40

Question 21 Marks: Self marked

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Question: (4 marks)

Using the case facts, identify two (2) principles of the Compiled APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (2017) that Ken
may breach.

Cite the name and number of the principle and recommend how Ken may avoid the potential breach.

Please enter your written responses in the text box below. You can expand the text box by dragging the bottom right corner out.

Your Answer
Section 115 - Professional behavior - Avoid conduct that member knows will bring discredit to the profession
Section 113 - professional competence & due care - Act diligently to best of their abilities and not act negligently.

Answer Explanation

Stronger answer

Integrity (111) requires that accountants not be associated with reports that ‘contain a materially false or misleading statement’.

Ken would breach the principle of Integrity if he complied with Elroy’s request to overestimate the sales revenue in the projected cash
flow report. Ken has projected that cash will run out within a year so he knows that there is a problem with sales revenue. Ken would
be providing a report that was ‘false and misleading’.

Objectivity (s. 112) requires that accountants remain ‘impartial, honest and free from conflicts of interest’. Ken may breach the
principle of objectivity because he might feel obligated to Elroy because Elroy was influential in Ken obtaining his promotion. Ken
might also lack objectivity because he might be concerned about losing his job if he does not comply with Elroy’s wishes. Ken has a
young family dependent upon his income.

Ken should not comply with the request.

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Mark allocation Total of two (2) marks will be awarded: one (1) mark will be awarded for identifying each relevant principle and one
(2) mark for explaining the issues and the making an appropriate recommendation.

Potential (but less plausible) answer

Professional Competence and Due Care (s. 113) requires accountants to prepare their work ‘carefully and thoroughly’ and to produce
‘credible and accurate reports’. Ken may breach this principle because by overestimating sales revenue in the cash flow report, he is
producing an inaccurate report. Ken knows that revenue has not improved and to project an increase in revenue is not acting
diligently.

Professional Behaviour (s. 115) requires that accountants’ actions do not bring discredit to the profession. Ken may breach
professional behaviour if he prepares an inaccurate cash flow report. The board would soon become aware of the overestimated
revenue once the monthly sales figures become available. The board would lose respect for Ken and the accounting profession.
Module: 2 > Part: D > 2.10 The APESB Code of Ethics (APES 110) > Page: 69-102

Question 22 Marks: Self marked

Question: (4 marks)

Ken faces an ethical dilemma regarding the negotiations with the potential investor. Apply steps two (2), three (3) and four (4) of the
American Accounting Model to this dilemma. Step one (1) is provided below. Step 1. Determine the facts – Ken has been asked to
overstate the revenue figures in the projected cash flow report. – The board is considering selling 50 shares to an investor. – If HS
does not reach 90 per cent of its revenue targets, the existing shareholders will be required to sell their shares to the investor for half
of their original cost. Please enter your written responses in the text box below. You can expand the text box by dragging the
bottom right corner out.

Your Answer
Identify primary stakeholders - shareholders , board , supplier, ceo , ken
Norms , principles & values to all stakeholders at all levels - Utilitarian theory Greatest good for greatest number of people
Alternative courses of action including alternatives that may involve compromise.
If Elroy forces Ken to still project the figures at higher than actual , Ken should resign

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Answer Explanation

Step 2: Identify the ethical issues:

2a: Who are the stakeholders?

In addition to Ken and Elroy, the following stakeholders should be identified:

The board: If Ken provides the board with an inaccurate projected cash flow report, the board will not have all the facts in order to
make an informed decision regarding the sale of shares to the prospective investor.

The shareholders: If the board bases the decision on an inaccurate report, the shareholders will each lose half of their investment.

The investor: The investor will be able to take over HS because it appears likely that the revenue will not reach 90 per cent of the
target. The investor will have an unfair advantage because the board did not have all the facts when making its decision.

The executive company officers who will have job security if the investor takes over the company.

Mark allocation: One (1) mark will be awarded if all four (4) stakeholders are identified.

2b: What are the ethical issues?

The board's right to accurate information versus the job security of the executive company officers.

The company's financial security resulting from an injection of funds from the investor versus the shareholders who will lose half of
their investment

Mark allocation: One (1) mark will be awarded if all four (4) stakeholders are identified.

Step 3. Identify the norms, principles and values

• Integrity

• Fairness in reporting to the board

• Fairness in dealing with the proposed investor

• Doing no harm to the shareholders

Mark allocation: One (1) mark will be awarded if two (2) of the four (4) attributes are identified.

Step 4. Specify the alternatives (options)

• Ken could comply and prepare a false report.

• Ken could explain to Elroy that he is ethically bound to prepare an accurate report for the board and that he cannot be involved with
a false report.

• Ken could resign.

Mark allocation: One (1) mark will be awarded if two (2) of the above attributes are identified.

Module: 2 > Part: A > 2.1 Impact of ethical or unethical decisions > Page: 48-49

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Common questions

Powered by AI

Accountants are expected to adhere to ethical standards that prioritize the public interest, ensuring transparency and honesty in financial reporting and decision-making, which contrasts with simply following internal customs that focus on community practices among professional peers .

An accountant in public practice may evaluate internal controls as part of financial management or internal audit services, which is significant because it helps safeguard assets, ensure financial accuracy, and improve operational efficiency within an organization .

Ken faces the dilemma of potentially overstating revenue figures to mislead investors and protect executive job security, versus the ethical duty to provide accurate information to stakeholders. He could choose to comply with the request and risk breaching ethical standards, refuse to comply and uphold integrity, or resign if pressured to act unethically .

Governance plays a critical role in ensuring ethical compliance by establishing regulations, enforcing a code of ethics, and providing oversight through bodies that promote ethical behavior, essential in maintaining credibility and trust in the accounting profession .

Ken's professional behavior can be judged based on his adherence to principles such as competence, integrity, and objectivity. If he provides misleading revenue forecasts, he risks a breach of competence by not preparing reports diligently and a breach of integrity by misrepresenting financial information, ultimately bringing discredit to his profession .

Enlightened self-interest focuses on actions that ultimately benefit the individual while aligning with broader societal benefits, whereas the public service ideal prioritizes community interest and service as a core value. When interests conflict, the public service ideal takes precedence within the accounting profession .

Preparing an inaccurate cash flow report constitutes a breach of integrity because it involves producing a document that is misleading, contradicting the principle requiring accountants to ensure factual accuracy. It breaches objectivity as it introduces personal bias or external influence into the decision-making process, potentially compromising impartiality and fairness .

Soft skills, such as cognitive abilities to understand complex issues, do not require specific knowledge or technical training like operating accounting software or performing financial analysis does. This distinction underscores the importance of adaptability and problem-solving in dynamic professional environments, beyond mere technical capability .

Under the co-regulatory model for the accounting profession in Australia, activities like setting of accounting and auditing standards are done by government bodies, such as the Australian Accounting Standards Board, while education, membership, and ethical requirements are set and enforced by the accounting profession itself, offering a blend of self-regulation and government oversight .

While certain cultures may accept practices like facilitating payments to expedite services, the accounting profession's ethical guidelines, such as the prohibition of bribes, demand strict adherence to anti-corruption principles, creating conflicts that require accountants to navigate complex cross-cultural scenarios .

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