WRITING 5.
5_LESSON 7_CB
LESSON 7 - MAN-MADE PROCESS
Understand the structure and useful vocabulary to describe Man-made
After this lesson, process
students are able
Use proper grammar structure to describe Man-made process
to…
Write a full task 1 report for IELTS Writing Process
A. GETTING STARTED
Read the student’s report and answer the questions below.
The diagram shows the process of recycling aluminium cans.
The diagram illustrates the recycling process of aluminium cans.
Overall, there are six main stages in this process, beginning with disposing of used cans and
ending with reusing these cans.
The process begins when used aluminum cans are collected from designated recycling bins.
These collected cans are then transported to a recycling facility, where they undergo a series
of steps to prepare them for reuse. Initially, the cans are cleaned, sorted, shredded, and
compressed into blocks.
Subsequently, the compressed aluminum is heated and melted in a furnace. Once melted, the
liquid aluminum is rolled into sheets that are between 2.5mm and 6mm thick. These sheets
are then used to manufacture new aluminum cans.
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WRITING 5.5_LESSON 7_CB
Finally, the newly produced cans are distributed for reuse, with the UK achieving a 74%
recycling rate. This cyclical process helps in conserving resources and reducing waste.
1. What type of process is this?
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2. Why did the writer use the underlined words/ phrases?
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3. Why did the writer use the words/ phrases in bold?
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4. Which tense did the writer use? Why?
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5. Did the writer use active voice or passive voice ? Why?
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B. LANGUAGE FOCUS
Note: When you write about a man-made process, one of the main tenses you need is the
present simple passive, as who does the action is not important. You make it with object +
to be + past participle of the verb
E.g. The tea leaves are put into boxes, then the boxes are delivered to supermarkets.
I. Use the correct form of the verbs in the box to complete the paragraph below about
the process of making tea.
The pictures below show how tea is produced. They also illustrate the process of making a
cup of tea. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features.
deliver, grow, grow, load, pack, pick, put, put, shine, sow
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WRITING 5.5_LESSON 7_CB
Tea 1 is grown in India and China. In the first stage, the tea seeds 2 ………………… by the
farmer, and then the sun 3 …………………, and the seeds 4 ………………… into large tea
plants. At this point, the tea leaves 5 ………………… and 6 ………………… in a basket,
and then they 7 ………………… on a tray in the sun to dry. The next step is that the dried tea
leaves 8 ………………… into boxes, and then the boxes 9 ………………… onto a lorry,
and then 10 ………………… to supermarkets, where customers buy them.
Knowing action verbs is crucial for writing effective IELTS man-made process reports
since they allow you to accurately convey specific actions. Although verbs can be derived
from the given diagram, remembering some of the most common will help you write more
fluently and efficiently.
II. Use the words in the box to complete the blanks in the table. Each word is used once.
Then, write down the topic where you are likely to encounter this word.
Collect / Pick / Harvest – Sort – Wash – Crush – Heat – Mix – Ferment – Filter –
Package – Transport / Send / Deliver – Assemble – Inspect
No. Word Meaning Topic
1 ……………… To gather items from various sources. Food
2 ……………… To organize items into categories. Manufacturing
3 ……………… To clean items by removing dirt. Food
4 ……………… To break into smaller pieces. Food
5 ……………… To apply heat to an item. Energy / Food
6 ……………… To combine different substances. Food
7 ……………… To undergo a chemical change (e.g. sugar → alcohol). Food / Science
8 ……………… To remove impurities from a liquid or gas. Energy / Food
9 ……………… To place items into containers. Manufacturing
10 ……………… To move items from one place to another. Manufacturing
11 ……………… To put together parts to make a whole. Manufacturing
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WRITING 5.5_LESSON 7_CB
12 ……………… To examine items carefully to check for errors or quality. Manufacturing
III. Find the linking words and phrases in Exercise 2, then put them into the correct
column of the table. Some extra words are given.
Sequencing words/phrases:
Then First of all Subsequently The first step is that Finally After that and then
To begin with The following step is that The last step is The next step is that
Next … (+S-V) The first stage is … (+S-V) The last stage is … (+S-V)
Then
IV. Complete the following tasks.
1. Reorder the steps to make a cup of tea based on the chart in Exercise 2.
a. Pour the water into the cup.
b. Fill the kettle with water.
c. Add milk and sugar.
d. Leave the tea for two minutes.
e. Boil the kettle.
f. Drink the tea.
g. Take the kettle off the stove.
h. Put a tea bag or tea leaves in the cup.
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2. Use passive voice and sequencing words to write a paragraph describing the process
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WRITING 5.5_LESSON 7_CB
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C. EXAM SKILLS
I. Introduction (Paraphrase the question)
The diagram below shows the process by which bricks are manufactured for the building
industry.
Think of how you can paraphrase these phrases:
● shows -> …………
● the process by which bricks are manufactured for the building industry -> …………
Write your Introduction:
→………………………………………………………………………………………
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WRITING 5.5_LESSON 7_CB
II. Overview
As the data for Process tasks is shown as steps and stages, the overview needs to include
the total steps and describe the beginning to the ending steps.
Look at the diagram and answer these questions, then write your Overview using the given
structure.
- How many stages are there in this process?
- What does it start with?
- What does it end with?
Useful structure:
The ...... involves ... main steps/ stages …………………, starting with ... and finishing with ...
Now write your Overview:
In general, brick production …..……….. 7 steps, ………….……. from the digging stages and
………….…… at the delivery stage.
III. Body Paragraphs.
1. Complete the sample body paragraphs which describe the process above, using
suitable words.
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WRITING 5.5_LESSON 7_CB
According to the diagram, the first step of brick manufacturing is ………………… with a
large digger. This clay is then …………… and processed in a roller machine and then mixed
with …………………………
In the third stage, the mixture is either kept in a ………… or cut in a ………………….to
make the raw shape of the bricks. In the next step, the shaped raw bricks are dried for ..…...
to ….... hours in a drying oven.
After that, the dried raw bricks are kept in a ………, both in ………………… and high
……………………., up to ………….. degree centigrade and then placed in a
…………………………….. for about 48 to 72 hours. This process makes the brick to be
………………….and ……………………in the final two steps.
2. Read the sample again and answer these questions:
a) What are the linking phrases the candidate uses to show different steps/ stages?
b) List down all the verbs in passive voice used in the sample.
III. Now write a full task 1 report for this diagram. You should:
● Write about 120 - 150 words.
● Use appropriate discourse markers to link ideas.
● Use appropriate action verbs from the diagram or from your understanding.
● Use the checklist on the next page to self-assess.
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WRITING 5.5_LESSON 7_CB
The diagram below shows the process of recycling glass bottles.
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WRITING 5.5_LESSON 7_CB
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WRITING 5.5_LESSON 7_CB
After Writing: Use this checklist to review and improve your Writing Task 1 answer.
Focus Area Checklist - Have you…? Your Notes / Useful Language
you have learned
❏ included a clear overview that
1. Overview
summarizes the main stages or overall
sentence
structure?
❏ used the passive voice appropriately to
2. Grammar describe each step in the process?
❏ showed control of grammatical features?
❏ used specific vocabulary related to
3. Vocabulary
actions and stages in a process correctly?
❏ grouped related steps into logical
4. Grouping of
paragraphs (e.g. input → transformation →
information
output)?
❏ included key information without adding
5. Details and your own opinion or unnecessary details?
clarity ❏ clearly described the final stage of the
process?
6. Sequencing ❏ used a range of sequencing words to
words/phrases show the order of steps logically?
D. SELF-ASSESSMENT CHECKLIST
No. Checklist Yes Maybe No
1 I can understand the structure and useful vocabulary to describe the
Man-made process.
2 I can use proper grammar structure to describe the Man-made
process.
3 I can write a full task 1 report for the IELTS Writing Process.
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